June 1, 2006

Australian researcher develops test for wheat fungal disease

An Australian researcher has developed a new rapid detection test for the exotic karnal bunt fungal disease of wheat.

NSW Department of Primary Industries molecular biologist Tan Mui-Keng has developed a DNA test to identify the karnal bunt fungus, Tilletia indica.

Wheat infected by karnal bunt emits a smell and becomes inedible. The disease, present in India, Mexico and the US is not found in Australia.

Australian authorities are ensuring the disease does not come in via second-hand harvesting equipment imported from the US.

Between 8 and 24 percent of the West Australian wheat crop could be affected by the disease if an outbreak occurred, Dr Murray said.

Plant pathologist Gordon Murray said rapid detection of karnal bunt was needed to contain the disease.

Current testing requires germination of disease spores, taking at least two weeks for positive identification. The new test required just 10 spores and ensured faster identification.